2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(一)

Directions:
This section is designated to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.
Part A
Directions:
For questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation that takes place at the passport office. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you’ve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. . You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds read the table below.
Getting a passport
Sandra’s birthplace 1
Place to get the application from 2
Signature needed from a 3
Amount of passport fee ￡ 4
Number of days needed for processing the from 5
Part B
Directions:
For question 6-10 you will hear two people talking about shopping.
6
At what time of the day did the man go shopping?
7
How often does the woman do her shopping?
8
Why did the man go to the supermarket today?
9
The advantage of the title corner shop is it’s
10
The woman tries to avoid the crowds at the supermarket by
Part C
Directions:
You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only.
Question 11-13 is based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read Question11-13.
11.What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
[A] A teacher and a student.
[B] A company manager and a job applicant.
[C] A company manager and a secretary.
[D] A solicitor and a client.
12.What language does Miss Diaz want to use more?
[A] English.
[B] Swedish.
[C] Russian.
[D] French and Spanish.
13.Why does she want to change her job?
[A] She wants to change her job?
[B] She likes a change.
[C] She is moving to Bristol.
[D] All of the above.
Question 14-16 is based on the following monologue. You now have 15 seconds to read Question14-16.
14. In Britain, until what age must people obtain the parent’s agreement to get married?
[A] Under 18.
[B] Under 19.
[C] Over 19.
[D] Under 17.
15. In what way most people get married?
[A] In a registry office. [B] In a church.
[C] By a public announcement [D] Secretly with the company of two passers-by.
16.What advice does the speaker give to people intending to get married at the end of the passage?
[A]Look carefully before one jumps. [B] Think carefully before one makes any decision.
[C] Think carefully before they make decision to get married. [D] Take a longer time to make up one’s mind to divorce.
Questions 17-20 are based on an English traveler. .You now have 15 seconds to read Question17-20.
17. What did the traveler think?
[A] He would find no food served on board.
[B] He couldn’t get home without having meals on board.
[C] He could do without any food before he got home.
[D] He couldn’t do without any food before he got home..
18. Why didn’t he have the lunch the first day?
[A] Because he didn’t feel well.
[B] Because he didn’t know when lunchtime was.
[C] Because he didn’t hear the lunch bell .
[D] Because he thought he couldn’t afford it.
19. When did he get up the following day?
[A] Later than breakfast time.
[B] As soon as he heard the breakfast bell.
[C] Early for his breakfast.
[D] At time to have his breakfast.
20. What did the waiter say to him when he asked for the bill?
[A] We had to pay for every meal he had on board.
[B] Meals were free of all ships.
[C] He could not have the bill.
[D] He had already paid for the meals when he bought his ticket.
Section Ⅱ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C], [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
It is tiny, only about a quarter of an inch square, and quite flat. 21 a microscope, it resembles a stylized Navaho rug or the aerial view of a railroad 22 yards. Like the 23 of sand on a beach, it is made mostly of silicon, 24 oxygen, the most abundant 25 on the surface of the earth.
Yet this inert fleck, still unfamiliar to the 26 majorities of Americans, has astonishing power. It is cheap to 27 produce, fast, infinitely versatile and convenient.
The miracle chip represents a quantum 28 in the technology of mankind, a development that 29 the past few years has acquired the force and significance
30 the development of hand tools or the discovery of the steam engine. Just as the Industrial Revolution 31 an immense 32 of tasks from men’s 33 and enormously expanded productivity, 34 the microcomputer is rapidly assuming huge burdens of 35 from the human brain and 36 expanding the mind’s capacities 37. That man has only begun to grasp. 38 the chip amazing feats of 39 become possible in everything from automobile engines to university laboratories and hospitals, from farms to banks and corporate offices, form 40 to a baby’s nursery.
21.[A] Under [B]. From [C]. With [D]. Below
22. [A] freight [B]. passenger [C]. relaying [D]. switching
23. [A] drops [B]. particles [C]. grains [D]. fragments
24. [A] like [B]. next to [C]. in the neighborhood of [D]. same as
25. [A] material [B]. molecule [C]. Element [D]. resources
26. [A] wide [B]. deep [C]. long [D]. vast
27. [A] mass [B]. scale [C]. scope [D]. wide
28. [A] leap [B]. way [C]. aspect [D]. effect
29. [A] before [B]. over [C]. after [D]. since
30. [A] connected for [B]. related in [C]. attached on [D]. associated with
31. [A] resorted to [B]. related in [C]. attached on [D]. associated with
32. [A] aspect [B]. range [C]. fields [D]. side
33. [A] hands [B]. brains [C]. bodies [D]. muscles
34. [A] therefore [B]. thus [C]. however [D]. so
35. [A] competence [B]. drudgery [C]. efficiency [D]. excitement
36. [A] thereby [B]. otherwise [C]. at least [D]. inversely
37. [A]. at fields [B]. on aspects [C]. in ways [D]. for areas
38. [A]. With [B]. After [C]. Within [D]espite
39. [A]. wonder and enjoyment [B]. memory and execution
[C]. Adjustment and repair [D]. manual and mental labor
40. [A]. universe place [B]. beyond sky [C]. Outer space [D]. black hole
Section III Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the question below each text by choosing A, B, C, D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)
Text 1
Viruses, infectious particles consisting of nucleic acid packaged in a protein coat (the cased), are difficult to resist. Unable to reproduce outside a living cell, viruses reproduce only by subverting the genetic mechanisms of a host cell. In one kind of viral life cycle the virus first binds to the cell’s surface then penetrates the cell and sheds it’s cased. The exposed viral nucleic acid produces new viruses from the contents of the cell. Finally, the cell releases the viral progeny, and a new cell cycle of infection begins. The human body responds to a viral infection by producing antibodies: complex, highly specific proteins that selectively bind to foreign molecules such as viruses. An antibody can either interfere with a virus’ ability to a cell, or can prevent it from releasing its nucleic acid.
Unfortunately, the common cold, produced most often by rhinoviruses, is intractable to antiviral defense. Humans have difficulty resisting colds because rhinoviruses are so diverse including at least 100 strains. The strains differ most in the molecular structure of the proteins in their cupids. Since disease-fighting antibodies bind to the cased, an antibody developed to protect against one rhinovirus strain is useless against other strains. Different antibodies must be produced for each strain.
A defense against rhinoviruses might nonetheless succeed by exploiting hidden similarities among the rhinovirus strains. For example most rhinovirus strains bind to the same kind of molecule (delta-receptors) on a cell’s surface when they attack human cells . Colonna, taking advantage of these common receptors, devised a strategy for blocking the attachment of rhinoviruses to their appropriate receptors. Rather than fruitlessly searching for an antibody that would bind to all rhinoviruses. Colonna realized that an antibody binding to the common receptors
Of a human cell would prevent rhinoviruses from initiating an infection. Because human cells normally do not develop antibodies to components of their own cells. Colonna injected human cells into mice, which did produce an antibody to the common receptor. In isolated human cells, this antibody proved to be extraordinarily effective at thwarting the rhinovirus. Moreover, when the antibody was given to chimpanzees, it inhibited rhino viral growth, and in humans it lessened both the severity and duration of cold symptoms.
Another possible defense against rhinoviruses was proposed by Ross man , who described rhinoviruses’detailed molecular structure . Ross man showed that protein sequences common to all rhinovirus strains lie at the base of a deep "canyon" scoring each face of the cased .The narrow opening of this canyon possibly prevents the relatively large antibody molecules from binding to the common sequence, but smaller molecules might reach it. Among these smaller, no antibody molecules, some might bind to the common sequence, lock the nucleic acid in its coat, and thereby prevent the virus from reproducing.
41.Which of the following about the viruses is supported by the passage?
[A] Viruses can only survive in a living cell, which shed the viruses with its capsid.
[B] Viruses can reproduce by genetic mechanisms of host cell.
[C] With the help of antibodies, human being can defeat the virus easily.
[D] New virus is produced by viral nucleic acid in its cell.
42.Why did humans have difficulty in defending rhinoviruses by their corresponding antibodies?
[A] The strains in the molecular structure of the proteins in rhinoviruses are very long.
[B] There are too many rhinoviruses at a time to defend efficiently for antibodies.
[C] Rhinoviruses are so diverse in their kinds that antibodies aimed at one kind are useless to others.
[D]Human body can’t produce antibodies to respond to rhinoviruses’ infection.
43.We can infer from the passage that if a cell lacking common delta-receptors would be.
[A] Unable to release viral progeny if infected by viruses.
[B] Unable to bind to antibodies, which can help human to resist viruses
[C] Resistant to infection by most strains of rhinovirus
[D] Useful to develop antibodies to components of human own cells
44.Why did the scientists experiment on different animals such as chimpanzees and humans?
[A] Chimpanzees can produce more antibodies than human beings.
[B] Chimpanzees would be useful to produce antibodies to human cell-surface receptors.
[C] Chimpanzees are similar species as human being that can useful to develop antibodies, which are not excluded by human cells.
[D] Chimpanzees and humans are both useful to determine whether binding antibodies to common receptors could produce a possible defense against rhinoviruses.
45.Which of the following on Ross man’s study is supported by the passage?
[A] Protein sequences common to all rhinoviruses strains lay at the base of deep score at the face of cased of the host cell.
[B] The various strains of rhinoviruses differ in their ability to bind to the surface of a host cell.
[C] Smaller antibody molecules can to through the narrow opening of canyon and bind to the common sequence.
[D] Structural similarities among the strains of rhinovirus can be used to strengthen the defense against virus infection.

TEXT2
As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth-century North American colonies, the silversmith and the coppersmith businesses rose to serve it. Only a few silversmiths were available in New York or Boston in the late seventeenth century, but in the eighteenth century they could be found in all major colonial cities. No other colonial artisans rivaled the silversmiths’ prestige. They handled the most expensive materials and possessed direct connections to prosperous colonial merchants. Their products, primarily silver plates and bowls, reflected their exalted status and testified to their customers’ prominence.
Silver stood as one of the surest ways to store wealth at a time before neighborhood banks existed. Unlike the silver coins from which they were made, silver articles were readily identifiable. Often formed to individual specifications, they always carried the silversmith’s distinctive markings and consequently could be traced and retrieved.
Customers generally secured the silver for silver objects they ordered. They saved coins, took them to smiths, and discussed the type of pieces they desired. Silversmiths complied with these requests by melting the money in a small furnace, adding a bit of copper to form a stronger alloy, and casting the alloy in rectangular blocks. They hammered these ingots to the appropriate thickness by hand, shaped them, and pressed designs into them for adornment. Engraving was also done by hand. In addition to plates and bowls, some customers sought more intricate products, such as silver teapots. Shaping or casting parts separately and then soldering them together made these.
Colonial coppersmith also came of age in the early eighteenth century and prospered in northern cities .Copper’s ability to conduct heat efficiently and to resist corrosion contributed to its attractiveness. But because it was expensive in colonial America, coppersmiths were never very numerous. Virtually all copper worked by smiths was imported as sheets or obtained by recycling old copper goods. Copper was used for practical items, but it was not admired for its beauty. Coppersmiths employed it to fashion pots and kettles for the home. They shaped it in much the same manner as silver or melted it in a foundry with lead or tin. They also mixed it with zinc to make brass for maritime and scientific instruments.
46.Which of the following is the reason for the prosperity of the silversmith and coppersmith business during the eighteenth-century?
[A] The price of silver and copper decreased by developing technique.
[B] The new smelting method was applied in the silversmith and coppersmith business.
[C] The growing economic prosperity of colonial merchants.
[D] Their products can best reflect the exalted status of the customers.
47.All of the following are the reasons of Silver standing as a surest way to store wealth EXCEPT.
[A] the neighborhood banks did’t appear at the time
[B] silver articles were easily identified
[C] silver articles were marked with silversmith’s distinctive signs
[D] silver coins are widely used in American colonies
48.What are the similarities of silversmiths and coppersmiths in colonial America?
[A] The source of their products
[B] The amount of social prestige they had
[C] The way they shaped the metal they worked with
[D] The cost of goods they made
49.Where would silversmiths get the materials for their products?
[A] The mines in northern area of America colonies.
[B] The importers from Europe.
[C] The coins of their customers.
[D] The old silver goods discarded by others.
50.According to the passage, coppersmiths EXCEPT could make all of the following goods.
[A] cooking Pots [B] decorations in home
[C] scientific instruments [D] maritime instruments
TEXT3
Matching the influx of foreign immigrants into the larger cities of the United States during the late nineteenth century was a domestic migration, from town and farm to city, within the United States .The country had been overwhelmingly rural at the beginning of the century, with less than 5percent of Americans living in large towns or cities. The proportion of urban population began to grow remarkably after 1840, increasing from 11 percent that year to 28 percent by 1880 and to 46 percent by 1900. A country with only 6 cities boasting a population of more than 8,000 in 1800 had become one with 545 such cities in 1900. Of these, 26 had a population of more than 100,000 including 3 that held more than a million people. Much of the migration producing an urban society came from smaller towns within the United States, but the combination of new immigrants and old American "settlers" on America’s "urban frontier" in the late nineteenth century proved extraordinary.
The growth of cities and the process of industrialization fed on each other. The agricultural revolution stimulated many in the countryside to seek a new life in the city and made it possible for fewer farmers to feed the large concentrations of people needed to provide a workforce for growing numbers of factories. Cities also provided ready and convenient markets for the products of industry , and huge contracts in transportation and construction and convenient markets for the products of industry , and huge contracts in transportation and construction-as well as the expanded market in consumer goods-allowed continued growth of the urban sector of the overall economy of the United States.
Technological developments further stimulated the process of urbanization. One example is the Bessemer converter (an industrial process for manufacturing steel), which provided steel girders for the construction of skyscrapers, The refining of crude oil into kerosene, and later the development of electric lighting as well as of the telephone, brought additional comforts to urban areas that were unavailable to rural Americans and help attract many of them from the farms into the cities. In every era the lure of the city included a major psychological element for country people; the bustle and social interaction of urban life seemed particularly intriguing to those raised in rural isolation.
51. What is the main point the author makes in the passage?
[A] The influx of foreign immigrants into the larger cities of the United States.
[B] The process of urbanization and the elements that accelerate it.
[C] The process of industrialization.
[D] Technological developments further stimulated the process of urbanization.
52.In 1840, percent of Americans living in large towns or cities.
[A] 5 [B] 11 [C] 28 [D] 46
53.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
[A] The number of the cities boasting a population of more than 8,000 is 545 in the twentieth century.
[B] The expanded market in consumer goods facilitates the growth of the urban sector of the United States.
[C] The Bessemer converter is a kind of steel girders for the construction of skyscrapers.
[D] A major psychological element plays an important role in the process of urbanization.
54.The author uses the word "influx" to mean .
[A] effluent [B] climax [C] flowing in [D] increase
55.According to the author, which of the following factor is not the function of the urbanization to industrialization?
[A] The Cities can provided ready and convenient markets for the products of industry.
[B] It can provide huge contracts in transportation and construction.
[C] It is possible for fewer farmers to feed the large concentrations of people.
[D] It stimulates the expanded market in consumer goods.
TEXT4
Human relations have commanded people’s attention from early times . The ways of people have been recorded in innumerable myths, folktales, novels, poems, plays, and popular or philosophical essays.
Although the full significance of a human relationship may not be directly evident, the complexity of feelings and actions that can be understood at a glance is surprisingly great. For this
Reason psychology holds a unique position among the sciences." Intuitive" knowledge may be remarkably penetrating and can significantly help us understand human behavior ,whereas in the physical sciences such commonsense knowledge is relatively primitive . If we erased all knowledge of scientific physics from our modern world, not only would we not have cars and television sets, we might even find that the ordinary person was unable to cope with the fundamental mechanical problems of pulleys and levers.
On the other hand ,if we removed all knowledge of scientific psychology from our world , problems in interpersonal relations might easily be coped with and solved much as before .we would still "know" how to avoid doing something asked of us and how to get someone was pleased . One could even offer sensible explanations
For the "whys" of much of the self’s behavior and feelings. In other words, the ordinary person has a great and profound understanding of the self and of other people, which, though unformulated or only vaguely conceived, enables one to interact with others in more or less adaptive ways. Kohler , in referring to the lack of great discoveries in psychology as compared with physics , accounts for this by saying that "people were acquainted with practically all territories of mental life a long time before the founding of scientific psychology ."
Paradoxically, with all this natural intuitive, commonsense capacity to grasp human relations, the science of human relations has been one of the last to develop.
Different explanations of this paradox have been suggested .One is that science would destroy the vain and pleasing illusions people have about themselves; but we might ask why we might ask why people have always loved to read pessimistic, debunking writings, from Ecclesiastes to Freud. It has also been proposed that just because we know so much about people intuitively, there has been less incentive for Studying them scientifically; why should one develop a theory, carry out systematic observations, or make predictions about the obvious? In any case, the field of human relations, with its vast literary documentation but meager scientific treatment, is in great contrast to the field of physics, which there are relatively few nonscientific books.
56. Why did the author say that "psychology holds a unique position among the sciences"?
[A] Commonsense understanding of human relations can be incisive.
[B] Subjective bias is difficult to control in psychological research.
[C] Intuitive knowledge in the physical sciences is relatively advanced.
[D] The full meaning of a human relationship may not be obvious.
57. According to the passage, it has been suggested that science of human relations was slow to develop because.
[A] Early scientists were more interested in the physical world
[B] Scientific studies of human relations appear to investigate the obvious
[C] The scientific method is difficult to apply to the study of human relations
[D] People generally seem to be more attracted too literary than to scientific writings about human relations
58.It can be inferred that the author would most likely agree with which of the following statements regarding people who lived before the advent of scientific psychology?
[A] Their understanding of human relations was quite limited.
[B] They were uninterested in acquiring knowledge of the physical world.
[C] They misunderstood others more frequently than do people today.
[D] Their intuitions about human relations were reasonably sophisticated.
59. It can be inferred that the author assumes that commonsense knowledge of human relations is.
[A] Equally well developed among all adults within a given society
[B] Considerably more accurate in some societies than in others.
[C] Biased insofar as it is based on myths and folktales
[D] Usually sufficiently accurate to facilitate interactions with others
60.The author’s attitude to treat human relations scientifically is relatively .
[A] unilluminating [B] uninterruptible [C] pessimistic [D] encouraging
Part B
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be arrived clearly on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)
Global change is creating enormous challenges for humanity. The world’s population is expected to grow from nearly 6 billion today to 8.5 billion by the year 2025. Global energy requirements will continue to increase. 61) The newly industrialized countries of Asia and Latin America are experiencing very rapid economic growth that is bringing modern society’s environmental problems. Including air and water pollution and waste problems, to wider areas of the globe.
The ecological problems caused by human economic activity are worsening and taking on global dimensions. Climate change, ozone-layer depletion, and loss of forest cover are important examples. At the same time, social conditions continue to worsen in many developing countries. It is estimated that more than 1 billion people now live in poverty without sufficient food, adequate educational opportunities, or any possibility of political participation. 62) Although financial and economic markets are becoming more and more interconnected and we like to think in terms of a "global village", our efforts to enshrine environmental protection and development as the common task and responsibility of all countries have just begun to make headway.
The key aim for the 21th century is "sustainable development", which the international community embraced at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development. 63) Sustainable development seeks to reconcile environmental protection and development; it means nothing more than using resources no faster than they can regenerate themselves, and releasing pollutants to no greater extent than natural resources can assimilate them. If we are to move toward sustainable development, the industrialized countries will have to accept special responsibility-not merely technical resources. 64) Yet, one must keep in mind that sustainable production and consumption involve not merely technical progress, but also cultural patterns of individual behavior and values.
The German government has chosen the socio-ecological market economy as the framework for shaping production and consumption in keeping with sustainable development, while at the same time encouraging innovation in industry and society.
65) The key is to sever the traditional link between economic growth and the consumption of resources, which increasingly threatens the natural basis for life and the preservation of natural and landscape diversity.
SECTION IV Writing
66.Directions:
You have read an article in a newspaper, which talks about aging problem. It says that again is becoming an increasingly serious problem since people are living longer. Many people are too busy to look after their parents who are too old to care of themselves. So they send their parents to Old People’s House. The article says that it is a good way to solve the problem.
Write an article to the same newspaper to state your own points of view towards this issue. You should use your own ideas, knowledge or experience to generate support for your argument and include examples.
You should write no less than 200 words. Write your article on ANSWER SHEET 2.

培训教学参考信息

2004研究生考试英语模拟试题(1)
2003年全国研究生入学考试英语试题及答案
2003年硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题
2003年硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题参考答案
2003年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题
2003年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案
2004年硕士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题(二)
2004年硕士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题(一)
徐明德：2004考研政治《形势与政策》模拟试题(全新版)
2004年政治考研《形势与政策》选择题
2004年考研模拟试题：政治最后三套题(一)
2003年硕士研究生入学考试政治模拟试题及答案
林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(一)
林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(二)
林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(三)
林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(四)
林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(五)