2004同等学历英语真题和答案（3）

Passage Three
Diego Chiapello, legally blind since birth, isn’t one of Italy’s
famous “mama’s boys” who live with their parents into adulthood. The
27-year-old lives alone in Milan, works as a network administrator, loves
diving and dreams of sailing across the Atlantic with a
sight-impaired（有视力障碍的）crew.
Obviously, he’s not your average disabled person -----but especially so in
Italy. The country has more barriers to integration than almost anywhere
else on the Continent: among European countries, Italy ranks third from
the bottom in accessibility for the disabled, ahead of only Greece and
Portugal, People who use wheelchairs, especially, find it difficult to
navigate the country’s cobblestone (鹅卵石) streets, ride buses or visit
restaurants, shops and museums. Less than a quarter of Italy’s disabled
hold jobs, compared with 47 percent for Europe.
But the biggest obstacle for the country’s physically challenged may, in
fact, be the fabled Italian family. Because of the social defect that
still attaches to disabilities, “ they tend to keep disabled people at
home” and out of public view, explains Giovanni Marri, head of an
employment training center in Milan that caters to the handicapped. Thus
while 15 percent of the country’s families include a disabled person,
according to surveys, only 2 percent of Italians report going to school
with a disabled person and only 4percent work with one.
Italians are beginning to recognize the problem. Over the past decade, the
government has passed laws targeting everything from workplace
discrimination to accessibility requirements. A recent study by the
European Union found that 85 percent of Italians admit that public
transportation and infrastructure (基础设施) are inadequate for the
handicapped, and 97 percent say action is needed. But the biggest barrier
is psychological. “Italian companies are afraid of hiring disabled
people,” says Chiapello. The only way to alter that, he says, is for
Italy’s disabled to do what he did--- get out of the house and demand
change. (318 words)

46. Which of the following words best describes “mama’s boys”?
A. Ordinary.
B. Optimistic.
C. Dependent.
D. Desirable.

47. In this passage, Chiapello is cited as an example of ______.
A. unusual disabled Italians
B. courageous blind sailors
C. typical handicapped people
D. vulnerable disabled Europeans

48. In Italy, where are the disabled people most likely to be?
A. On the street
B. At home
C. In school
D. At work

49. Italy’s general public will most probably agree that ______.
A. physical inadequacies are the biggest obstacle for the disabled
B. things should be done to remove the barriers against the disabled
C. workplace prejudices toward the disabled are hardly recognizable
D. disabled people should reduce the need of going to public places

50. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Italy has not enough in aiding the disabled.
B. Italy’s disabled people should get out of their houses.
C. Italian people have been blind to troubles of the disabled.
D. Italian ways of aiding the disabled should be encouraged.
46-50 C A B B D

Passage Four
The average number of authors on scientific papers is sky-rocketing.
That’s partly because labs are bigger, problems are more complicated, and
more different subspecialties are needed. But it’s also because U.S.
government agencies have started to promote “team science.” As physics
developed in the post-World War Ⅱ era, federal funds built expensive
national facilities, and these served as surfaces on which collaborations
could crystallize naturally.
Yet multiple authorship --- however good it maybe in other ways ---
presents for journals and for the institutions in which these authors
work. For the journals, long lists of authors are hard to deal with in
themselves. But those long lists give rise to more serious questions when
something goes wrong with the paper. If there is research misconduct, how
should the liability be allocated among the authors? If there is an honest
mistake in one part of the work but not in others, how should an evaluator
aim his or her review?
Various practical or impractical suggestions have emerged during the
long-standing debate on this issue. One is that each author should
provide, and the journal should then publish, an account of that author’s
particular contribution to the work. But a different view of the problem,
and perhaps of the solution, comes as we get to university committee on
appointments and promotions, which is where the authorship rubber really
meets the road. Half a lifetime of involvement with this process has
taught me how much authorship matters. I have watched committees
attempting to decode sequences of names, agonize over whether a much-cited
paper was really the candidate’s work or a coauthor’s, and send back
recommendations asking for more specificity about the division of
responsibility.
Problems of this kind change the argument, supporting the case for
asking authors to define their own roles. After all, if quality judgments
about individuals are to be made on the basis of their personal
contributions, then the judges better know what they did. But if questions
arise about the validity of the work as a whole, whether as challenges to
its conduct or as evaluations of its influence in the field, a team is a
team, and the members should share the credit or the blame.
(367 words)

51. According to the passage, there is a tendency that scientific
papers__.
A. are getting more complicated
B. are dealing with bigger problems
C. are more of a product of team work
D. are focusing more on natural than on social sciences

52. One of the problems with multiple authorship is that it is hard____.
A. to allocate the responsibility if the paper goes wrong
B. to decide on how much contribution each reviewer has made
C. to assign the roles that the different authors are to play
D. to correspond with the authors when the readers feel the need to

53. According to the passage, authorship is important when ______.
A. practical or impractical suggestions of the authors are considered
B. appointments and promotions of the authors are involved
C. evaluators need to review the publication of the authors
D. the publication of the authors has become much-cited

54. According to the passage, whether multiple authors of a paper should
be taken collectively or individually depends on ______.
A. whether judgments are made about the paper or its authors
B. whether it is the credit or the blame that the authors need to share
C. how many authors are involved in the paper
D. where the paper has been published

55. The best title for the passage can be _____.
A. Writing Scientific Papers: Publish or Perish
B. Collaboration and Responsibility in Writing Scientific Papers
C. Advantages and Disadvantages of Team Science
D. Multiple Authors, Multiple Problems
51-55 C A C A D

Passage Five
What produces a waterproof super glue, acts like a vacuum cleaner, and
even teaches scientists about gene repair? The humble little shellfish
known as the mussel ( 贻贝)
Mussels are found worldwide. Some live in the sea. Others inhabit
freshwater streams and lakes. When you try to move a mussel from a rock,
you will discover what an incredibly firm grip it has --- a necessity if
the mussel is to resist the sharp grab of a hungry seabird or the pounding
waves of the sea. How does it manage to cling so tight? When it choose a
place to set up home, it pokes its tongue-shaped foot out of its shell and
presses it against a solid surface. Special glands give off a fluid
mixture of proteins into a channel that runs the length of the foot. The
liquid quickly hardens into a fine, elastic thread about an inch long.
Then a tiny pad-like structure at the end of this thread gives off some
natural glue-like substance, the mussel lifts its foot, and anchor line
number one is complete. These strategically placed threads form a bundle,
which ties the mussel to its new home in much the same way that ropes hold
down a tent. The whole procedure takes only three or four minutes.
Imagine having a very strong glue that is non-toxic and so flexible
that it can penetrate the tiniest holes and corners, sticking to any
surface, even under water. Shipbuilders would welcome it for repairing
vessels without the expense of dry-docking them. Auto-body workers would
like a really waterproof paint that keeps the rust out. Surgeons would
value a safe glue to join broken bones and to close wounds… The list of
possible uses appears endless.
However, scientists are not thinking of using the mussels themselves to
produce this super glue. It would take some 10,000 shellfish to make just
one gram of glue. So collection enough mussels to supply the world’s
demand for super glue would wipe out the mussel population, many species
of which are already endangered. Instead, American researchers have
isolated and cloned the genes for five mussel glue proteins, and they are
about to mass-produce them in the laboratory. However, the mussel is still
one jump ahead. Only the mussel instinctively knows the exact blend of
proteins needed for each kind of surface. Molecular biologist Frank
Roberto has asked admiringly: “How are you ever going to imitate that?”.
(407 words)

56. A mussel grips a hard surface very firmly to ____.
A. seal itself from being damaged by sea water
B. produce the waterproof super glue
C. protect itself from being blown away by strong wind
D. protect itself from being the food of other animals

57. The waterproof super glue originates in _____.
A. the mussel’s tongue-shaped foot
B. some glands in the mussel’s body
C. the thread given off by the mussel
D. the channel of the mussel’s foot

培训教学参考信息

同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题一（1）
同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题一（2）
同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题一（3）
2004同等学历英语真题和答案（2）
2004同等学历英语真题和答案
同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题一（4）
同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题一（5
同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平模拟试题一（答案）
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(13)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(12)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(11)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(10)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(9)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(8)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(7)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(6)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(5)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(4)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(3)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(2)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案(2)
97年同等学历申请硕士学位英语统考真题+答案
2004年同等学力外国语水平考试真题(7)
2004年同等学力外国语水平考试真题(6)
2004年同等学力外国语水平考试真题(5)
2004年同等学力外国语水平考试真题(4)
2004年同等学力外国语水平考试真题(3)
2004年同等学力外国语水平考试真题(2)
2004年同等学力外国语水平考试真题
2003年同等学力外国语水平考试真题(4)