2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(七）

Section I Listening Comprehension
Directions:
This section is designated to test your ability to understand spoken English . You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them . there are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.
Part A
Directions:
For questions 1-5, you will hear a report about the overweight problem of British. While you listen , fill out the table with the information you’ve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table .write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. . You will hear the recording once.
Health Report
Who suffer from overweight in Britain? Children :5% mid-twenties age group:_______
middle-aged group: 50%
1
Dangers for the fat Severe health problems. 2
Ways to lose weight
Health diet-the ____ way .Sliming machines -not useful.
Saunas -work temporarily. Health farms-as expensive holidays. Exercise-most important: from middle age a minimum of ______minutes three times a week.
3
Measures against it
Increase tax on alcohol to reduce its________. 4
Provide more sports facilities by local______. 5
Part B
Directions:
For question 6-10 . You will hear a monologue about relationship between spelling and writing . While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the question . use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice.
No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as _____. 6
The problem is how to encourage a child to express him freely without holding him back with the __________? 7
If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, a bright student will be likely to "_______". 8
If the teacher’s priorities had centered on the child’s ideas rather than his errors, it would have given the pupil_______ to seek improvement. 9
What does the writer think about the teacher’s judgment on that sensitive piece of writing? 10
Part C
Directions:
You will hear three pieces of recorded material . Before listening to each one , you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening , answer each question by choosing [A],[B],[C] or [D]. After listening , you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only.
Question 11-13 is based on the following talk about voice. You now have 20 seconds to read question 11-13.
11.A good voice_______.
[A]contributes greatly to a feeling of poise. [B] conveys the impression that we are friendly. [C] is more important than good clothes. [D] makes others less aware of our faults.
12.According to the passage, if we are treated with respect,_______.
[A] it is only because we have a good voice
[B] we are going to have more respect for ourselves.
[C] people react more favorably toward us .
[D] because our voice convey the impression that we are friendly.
13.The title below that best expresses the idea of the passage is_______.
[A] the reflection of our personality.
[B] how to acquire pleasant voice.
[C] voice training in personality development.
[D] social adjustment and self-respect.
Question 14-16 is based on the following monologue about advertising in Britain.
14.How long had the speaker realized the occurrence of advertisements?
[A] Since childhood.
[B] Since his teenage.
[C] Over the past 30 years.
[D] After 1966.
15. What was the second change in speaker’s mind?
[A] The variety of daily life. [B]The use of new media
[C] The difficulty to find ads. [D] The simplified from of presses.
16.Advertising techniques have become more persuasive and more sophisticated______.
[A] initially. [B] successfully.
[C] directly [D] psychologically.
Question 17-20 is based on the following monologue about the problems of the old people .
17.It is implied in first paragraph that_______.
[A] very old people enjoy living with their relatives.
[B] social services have nothing to do with very old people .
[C] very old people would like to live alone so that they can have more personal freedom.
[D] very old people are able to keep their rooms clean.
18.Some social workers think that _____.
[A] health and safety are more important than personal freedom.
[B] personal freedom is more important than health and safety.
[C] old people should keep their rooms clean.
[D] one should mot take risks of dealing with old people.
19. In the author’s opinion,________.
[A] the human body can’t be compared to a car.
[B] the older a person, the more care he needs.
[C] too much emphasis has been put on old people’s values.
[D] it is easy to provide spare parts for old people.
20. The author thinks that _______.
[A] medical decisions for the old people should be left to the doctors.
[B] old people can enjoy a happy life only if they are very rich.
[C] the opinion that we should try every means possible to save old people is doubtful.
[D] it is always morally tight to treat old people and push off death.
Section Ⅱ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C], [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved around the earth. An 21 7% did not know which revolved around 22 . 23 I have no doubt that all of these people were 24 in school that the earth revolves around the sun; 25 may even have written it 26 a test. But they never 27 their incorrect mental models of planetary 28 because their everyday observation didn’t support 29 their teachers told them: People see the sun "moving" 30 the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary 31 that is, happening.
Students can learn the right answers 32 heart in class, and yet never combined them 33 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 34 personal understanding of the world can 35 side by side, each unaffected by the other.
Outside of class, the student continues to use the 36 model because it has always worked well 37 that circumstance. Unless professors address 38 errors in students’ personal models of the world, students are not 39 to replace them with the 40 one.
21. A. excessive B. extra C. additional D. added
22. A. what B. which C. that D. other
23. A. Virtually B. Remarkably C. Ideally D. Preferably
24. A. learned B. suggested C. tarot D. advised
25. A. those B. these C. who D. they
26. A. on B. with C. under D. for
27. A. formed B. altered C. believed D. thought
28. A. operation B. position C. motion D. location
29. A. how B. which C. that D. what
30. A. around B. across C. on D. above
31. A. since B. so C. while D. for
32. A. to B. by C. in D. with
33. A. with B. into C. to D. along
34. A. adult’s B. teacher’s C. scientist’s D. student’s
35. A, exist B. occur C. survive D. maintain
36. A. private B. individual C. personal D. own
37. A. in B. with C. on D. for
38. A. general B. natural C. similar D. specific
39. A. obliged B. likely C. probable D. partial
40. A. perfect B. better. C. reasonable D. correct
Section III Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts . Answer the question below each text by choosing A, B, C, D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40 point)
Text1
There were two widely different influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds (投注赔率) in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating (列表), ordering, and the taking of censuses-all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based on theories of probability.
Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grade level-variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum (连续性)--or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type.
Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible.
Descriptive statistics is a toot for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy (难操作的) mass of data.
Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent (教育厅长) wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated (给 ......接种疫苗) for flu (流感),or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.
41. With what is the passage mainly concerned?
A) Applications of inferential statistics,
B) The development and use of statistics.
C) How to use descriptive statistics,
D) The drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics.
42. According to the passage, counting and describing are associated with_____.
A) inferential statistics
B) unknown variables
C) descriptive statistics
D) qualitative changes
43. Why does the author mention the "mother" and "father" in the passage?
A) To explain that there are different kinds of variables.
B) To point out that parents can teach their children statistics.
C) To in traduce inferential statistics.
D) To present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable way.
44. Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is best supported by the passage?
A) It leads to increased variability.
B) It solves all numerical problems.
C) It simplifies unwieldy masses of data.
D) It changes unwieldy masses of data.
45. According to the passage, what is the purpose of examining a sample of a population?
A) To compare different groups of the whole population.
B) To formulate collections of data from the whole population.
C) To consider all the quantitative variables of the entire population.
D) To predict characteristics of the entire population.
Text 2
We now come to the vital topic of money. First, we must remember that science, on any significant scale, exists only in economies where there is surplus of goods and services. A prosperous economy forms a necessary base for scientific work. Tragically, the economies of the "underdeveloped" countries, where the need is over whelming, have not supported-nor have they been capable of supporting-any substantial scientific and technical training or research. Read the speech of P. M, S Blackett, President of the Royal Society, in which the existing great disparity between the "have" and "have-not" economies is considered, The primary theme of his address is that the gap is not closing; on the contrary, it steadily grows wider.
The United States, as the most wealthy industrial nation, spends a greater amount on research and development than any other nations, it is beyond the scope of this book to consider in detail whether the amount spent is adequate, either in relation to our own economy or in relation to our position in the world. At best the question is an open one.
In the last few years financial support for science has changed significantly, it is frustrating to report that, in spite of numerous statements about the extent and nature of these changes, it has been impossible to find sufficient agreement to be sure just what has happened, /two points do appear clear. First, there has been an overall cut in research funds, further reinforced by substantial inflation of prices, second, there has been increased emphasis on "relevant" research--that is research with immediate practical applications.
One report that reflects most closely a five-member committee made our own estimate of the situation from the National Academy of Sciences This group investigated funding of chemistry projects by the National Institutes of Health. The committee concluded that funding had declined by an average of 20% and that the section most closely related to bas, search had funds cut in half. The committee found that various institutes in-house research, administrative budgets, and continuing extramural(校外的) grants had been protected with the result that new and renewal grants had become a disaster area. Other reports stating that federal institutes’ funds have had only limited cuts have apparently ignored the point made by the National Academy Committee.
46. Which of the following is true about the "underdeveloped" countries?
A) they need scientific and technical training or research badly. B) they are too poor to spare enough for the development of science,
C) they have other priorities instead of spending a decent amount on science.
D) all of the above
47. Which of the following words means nearly the same as "disparity" used in line 9 of paragraph one?
A) dispute B) diversion
C) inequality D) argument
48 ....the question is an open one in the second paragraph means that____.
A) the question has to be left to the public to decide
B) the question is too serf-evident to be discussed any further
C) different people man has different opinion about this question
D) more information has to be collected before the question can be finally answered
49. Which area of research has suffered most from the cuts in the federal institutes’ funds?
A) applied research
B) basic research
C) chemistry projects
D) new research projects
50. Which of the following could be best used for the title of the passage?
A) dispute about research funding
B) trends of research funding
C) research and development
D) basic and applied researches
Text 3
Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion-a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit form experience because this emotionless world lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society’s economic underpinnings ( 支柱 ) would be destroyed Since earning $ 10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $ 10, there would be no incentive to work. in fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.
In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object’s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us-hurt us, surprise us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life-from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, and shame. Guilt fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal (刑法的 ) system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.
51. The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without
emotion is that____.
A) they would not be able to tell the texture of objects.
B) they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them.
C) they would not be happy with a life without love.
D) they would do things that hurt each other’s feeling.
52. According to the passage, people’s learning activities are possible because they____.
A) believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay alive
B) benefit from providing help and support to one another
C) enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thing
D) know what is vital to the progress of society
53. It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on_____.
A) the ability to make money
B) the will to work for pleasure
C) the capacity to enjoy incentives
D) the categorizations of our emotional experiences
54. Emotions are significant for man’s survival and adaptation because_____.
A) they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objects
B) they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintained
C) they encourage people to perform dangerous achievements
D) they generate more love than hate among people
55.The emotional aspects of an object axe more important than its physical aspects in that they_____.
A) help society exploit its members for profit
B) encourage as to perform important tasks
C) help to perfect the legal and penal system
D) help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us
Text 4
Pity the poor smoker, If he began puffing away as a teenager, he was probably forced to light up in the high school bathroom, away from the for bidding glares of teachers and parents. He grew up, got a job, raised a family and in general became a responsible, upstanding citizen. But he still smokes. There he is, sitting in a restaurant or waiting in a movie line or getting his shoes shined, and he pulls out a cigarette. Suddenly a stranger appears, tugs at his elbow and says ever so sweetly, "Thank you for not smoking"
Though adult smokers axe not reduced quite yet to heading for the nearest high school bathroom, the places where they earl legally light up are dwindling. Thirty-nine, states and numerous localities now have ordinances against smoking on public transportation and in public places, including schools, hospitals, auditoriums, theaters and government buildings. Two weeks ago, New York City Major Ed Koch (who quit smoking in 1952) proposed what he termed the most stringent antismoking regulations in the nation, ff enacted, Koch’s law would smoking in enclosed public spaces such as taxis, stores and rest rooms.
Even the proverbial smoke-filled room so beloved by politicians is endangered, Democratic: Congressman James Scheuer of New York last week introduced the Non-Smokers Protection Act of 1986, which would snuff out smoking in federal buildings the legislation will probably not pass this term, Scheuer, who has five no-smoking signs (one in four languages) in his office is determined to keep trying. "There are many federal workers, including myself, who are and dried of having to toil in the thick veil of hazy and noxious (有害的,有毒的) smoke ," he declares.
Many hotels and restaurants are not waiting for the law to prod them into accommodating nonsmokers. The Atlantic Marriott Marquis reserves three floors of rooms for abstains ( 戒烟者 ), the Las Vegas Hilton one floor, with two more planned for later this year. Last month Denver’s popular Cafe Giovanni banned puffing entirely in its dining room; so fax only one group of patrons has walked out when informed of the edict. Tobacco devotees are finding the going tougher in more intimidate settings as well. Ads for housemates and the personal columns routinely rebuff smokers. "People don’t even have ashtrays in their homes anymore", moans Joyce Hernandez, a secretary in Montvale, N.J., who quit last year after attending dinner party at which she was forced to sneak a puff in, yes, the bathroom.
Passions have never run higher about where and when smokers may light up. "There’s a new tyrannical majority that wants to deprive the rest of our rights," charges New York City Television Reporter David Diaz, a pack-a-day man. Replies ADB-TV Washington Correspondent Sam Donaldson, an ex-smoker who has been zealously ( 积极的 ) lobbying (说服) the White House to ban smoking press conferences: "I don’t think smokers have any rights when it comes to a collision of smokers’ vs. nonsmokers’ wishes."
56.The teenager was only able to smoke in______.
A) the high school B) the classroom
C ) the toilet D) the corridor
57. According to Koch’s law, people were forced not to light up in all the
following places except________.
A) cabs B ) shops
C ) rest rooms D) farm field
58. Which of the following statements is not true ?
A) the man who introduced the Non-Smokers Protection Act of 1986 was
James Scheuer.
B) Not long before Denver’s popular Cafe Giovanni banned smoking
completely in its dining room.
C)A secretary in Montyale, N.J., Joyce Hernandez is still a heavy smoker.
D) 39 states in the U. S. Now have laws against puffing on public transportation and children smoking.
59. We can infer from the passage that_______.
A) The teachers and parents are watching carefully when their students and children smoking
B) the places where adult smokers can legally smoke are becoming fewer and fewer
C) the legislation has passed the Non-Smokers Protection Act to ban smoking in federal buildings across the country
D) all the smokers think that they should have their rights to smoke anywhere
60. What’s the author’s attitude towards smoking?
A) Approval. B) Objection.
C) Indifference. D) Enthusiasm.
Part B
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be arrived clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10 points)
A market is commonly thought of as a place where commodities are bought and sold .Thus fruit and vegetables are sold wholesale at Covent Garden Market and meat is sold wholesale at Smithfield Market. But there are markets for things other than commodities in the usual sense.61)There are real estate markets ,foreign exchange markets ,lab our markets, short-term capital markets ,and so on ;there may be a market for anything that has a price. And there may be no particular place to which dealings are confined .62) Buyers and sellers may be scattered over the whole world and instead of actually meeting together in a market-place they may deal with one another by telephone by telephone ,telegram ,cable or letter. Even if dealings are restricted to a particular place, the dealers may consist wholly or in part of agents acting on instructions from clients far away .Thus agents buy meat at Smithfield on behalf of retail butchers all over English ;
and brokers on the London Stock Exchange buy and sell securities on instructions from clients all over the world.63)We must therefore define a market as an area over which buyers and sellers are in such close touch with one another ,either directly or through dealers ,that the prices obtainable in one part of the market affect the prices paid in other parts .
64)Modern means of communication are so rapid that a buyer can discover what price a seller is asking, and can accept it if he wishes , although he may be thousands of miles away .That the market for anything is ,potentially, the whole world .But in fact things have, normally, only a local or national market.
This may be because nearly the whole demand is concentrated in one locality .These special local demands ,however are of quite minor importance. 65) The main reason why many things have not a world market is that they are costly or difficult to transport.
Section IV Writing
66.Directions:
Theme : Abort quality education ]
Title : Stimulate Creativity in Students
Outline:
1. Success has often been linked to creativity.
2. Plays and games are always important in whatsoever study stage.
3. What else ways to sharpen a person’s creativity.

培训教学参考信息

2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(六）
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(五）
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(四）
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(三）
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(二)
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语预测试题(一)
2004研究生考试英语模拟试题(1)
2003年全国研究生入学考试英语试题及答案
2003年硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题
2003年硕士研究生入学考试政治理论试题参考答案
2003年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题
2003年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案
2004年硕士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题(二)
2004年硕士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题(一)
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林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(一)
林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(二)
林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(三)
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林代昭：2004年考研政治预测试题及答案(五)