2004年MBA英语联考样题

developing academically but also

Part C
Directions: You will hear three pieces of recorded materials. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)
Questions 11－13 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11－13.

11. According to the passage, the task of education is fairly complicated because
A． the current public school system is too complicated to be understood.
B． the public school system has no choice of what to teach.
C．it is difficult to decide whether elementary science should be taught in public schools.
D． the educators have to take care of both ordinary and gifted students.
12. The purpose of public education is to
A． discover the most promising students
B．produce scientific talents
C．educate both producers and users of scientific services
D．educate people to judge the work of experts
13. The best title for this passage might be
A． Balance in Education
B．Current Situation in Education
C．Importance of Teaching Science and Technology
D．Balance in Natural Sciences
You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to questions 11－13.

Questions 14－16 are based on the following talk.You now have 15 seconds to read questions 14－16.
14. The first great invention talked of in the passage is the
A．camera
B．wheel
C．electric light
D．radio
15. In the early 1800’ s, people began to work in order to make
A．explorations
B．if e better
C．discoveries
D．a trip into space
16. By the 1960’s
A．people knew everything about the world
B．there was not much left to be explored on the earth
C．only the moon was still unknown
D．the world as a whole was known to man
You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to questions 14－16.

Questions 17－20 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read questions 17－20
17. Sharing tasks and decisions in the home leads to
A． masculine women
B．effeminate (女子气的) men
C．inequality
D．further sharing
18. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and father is that
A．the role of the father may become an inferior one
B．the role of the mother may become an inferior one
C．the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of the sexes
D．sharing leads to constant arguing
19. The speaker states that bringing up children
A．is mainly the mother’s job
B．belongs to the duties of the father
C．is the job of schools and society
D．involves a partnership of equals
20. According to the speaker, the solution of family problems
A．is best left in the hands of social workers
B．is similar in all families
C．can be reached by following fixed rules
D．needs to be reached by ways unique to each family
You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to questions 17—20.

Section Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (10 points)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 1 with a pencil.

21. A healthy life is frequently thought to be ________ with the open countryside and homegrown food.
A) tied B) bound C) involved D) associated
22. In Britain today, women ________ 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A) stand for B) build up C) make up D) conform to
23. In many countries tobacco and medicine are government ________.
A) control B) monopoly C)business D) belongings
24. Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _________.
A) intention B) attempt C) purpose D) desire
25. Young adults _________ older people are more likely to prefer pop songs.
A) other than B) more than C) less than D) rather than
26. Students or teachers can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular ____________.
A) gaps B) rate C) length D) intervals
27. I used to smoke ________, but I gave it up three years ago.
A) seriously B) heavily C) badly D) severely
28. Bank notes are not usually ________ into gold nowadays.
A) inverted B) revertible C) convertible D) diverting.　
29. In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should __________ his findings in logical order and clear language.
A) furnish B) propose C) raise D) present
30. The board of the company has decided to ________ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.
A) extend B) enlarge C) expand D) amplify
31. __________ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of he earth.
A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed
32. Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ___________ to the nation.
A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is to be left
33. __________ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.
A) As B) That C) It D) What
34. The room is in a terrible mess; it __________ cleaned.
A) can’t have been B) shouldn’t have been
C) mustn’t have been D) wouldn’t have been
35. Melted iron is poured into the mixer much _____________tea is poured into a cup from a teapot.
A) in the same way like B) in the same way
C) in the same way which D) in the same way as
36. Finding a job in such a big company has always been ________ his wildest dreams.
A) under B) over C) above D) beyond
37. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave________ something occurred which attracted my attention.
A) unless B) until C) when D) while
38. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ________ trouble.
A) making B) to make C) to have made D) having made
39. I’ve already told you that I’m going to buy it, ____________.
A) however much it costs B) however does it cost much
C) how much does it cost D) no matter how it costs
40. They usually have less money at the end of the month than ______ at the beginning.
A) which is B) they have C) which was D) it is

Section Ⅲ Cloze (5 Points)

Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1.

In future trade the key development to watch is the relationship between the industrialized and the developing nations. The Third World countries export their mineral 41 and tropical agricultural products, which bring them desired foreign exchange. Tourism has also been greatly responsible 42 the rapid development of some 43 nations. Many Third World nations with high unemployment and low wages have seen an emigration (移居) of workers to the developed nations. Western Europe has received millions of such workers from Mediterranean countries. The developing nations profit 44 these workers bring their savings and their acquired technical skills back home. Many developing nations benefit when western nations 45 manufacturing in their countries to take advantage of cheap labor.
46 economies mature, economic growth rates tend to level off (稳定). The rate of economic growth is leveling off today in western nations. This leveling off 47 leads to static non-growth markets. A point of saturation (饱和) 48 in technology and innovation have seemed to achieve the impossible, but then how much further can it go? Herman Kahn, in his book The Next 200 Years, says that a shift in priorities will have to occur for industrialized nations. 49 is the creation of money and jobs essential; 50 is rather the improvement of the quality of life that must be our concern..
41. A) ranges B) scopes C) deposits D) products
42 .A) to B) for C) towards D) over
43. A) developed B) powerful C) industrialized D) developing
44. A) because B) before C) since D) when
45. A) establish B) decide C) predict D) mention
46. A) Since B) As C) Though D) Whereas
47. A) relatively B) eventually C) sometimes D) hardly
48. A) arrives B) reports C) sets D) comes
49. A) No longer B) No doubt C) Of course D) So far
50. A) it B) that C) there D) which

Section Ⅳ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil.

Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following Passage:

In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer—government or private—should have little or no impact on the earning differentials between women and men. However if there is discrimination against one sex it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and private employers will be the same. Differences in the degree of discrimination would result in earning differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater. Thus, one would expect that, if women are being discriminated against, government employment would have a positive effect on women’s earnings as compared with their earnings from private employment. The results of a study by Fuchs support this assumption. Fuchs’s results suggest that the earnings of women in an industry composed entirely of government employees would by 14.6 percent greater than the earnings of women in an industry composed exclusively of private employees, other things being equal.
In addition, both Fuchs and Sanborn have suggested that the effect of discrimination by consumers on the earnings of self-employed women may be greater than the effect of either government or private employer discrimination on the earnings of women employees. To test this hypothesis (假设), Brown selected a large sample of White male and female workers from the 1970 Census and divided them into three categories: private employees, government employees, and self-employed. (Black workers were excluded from the sample to avoid picking up earnings differentials that were the result of racial bias.) Brown’s research design controlled for education, labor-force participation, mobility, motivation, and age in order to eliminate these factors as explanations of the study’s results. Brown’s results suggest that men and women are not treated the same by employers and consumers. For men, self-employment is the highest earnings category, with private employment next, and government lowest. For women, this order is reversed.
One can infer from Brown’s results that consumers discriminate against self-employed women. In addition, selfemployed women may have more difficulty than men in getting good employees and may encounter discrimination from suppliers and from financial institutions.
Brown’s results are clearly consistent with Fuch’s argument that discrimination by consumers has a greater impact on the earnings of women than does discrimination by either government or private employers, Also, the fact that women do better working for government than for private employers implies that private employers are biasing women. The results do not prove that government does not discriminate against women. They do, however, demonstrate that if government is discriminating against women, its prejudice is not having as much effect on women’s earnings as is prejudice in the private sector.

51. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about prejudice against women by private
mployers and by government employers?
A) Both private employers and government employers discriminate with equal effects on women’s earnings.
B) Both private employers and government employers discriminate, but the discrimination by private employers has
a greater effect on women’s earnings.
C) Both private employers and government employers discriminate, but the discrimination by government
employers has a greater effect on women’s earnings.
D) Private employers discriminate; it is possible that government employers discriminate.
52. A study of the practices of financial institutions revealed no discrimination against self-employed women. It
tends to on the contrary to _________.
A) Some results of Fuehs’s study
B) Some results of Brown’s study
C) A suggestion made by the author
D) Fuchs’s hypothesis
53. According to Brown’s study, from highest earnings to lowest earnings women’s earning categories occur in the
orders of ________.
A) Government employment, self-employment, private employment
B)Government employment, private employment, self-employment
C) Private employment, self-employment, government employment
D) Private employment, government employment, self-employment
54. The passage explicitly answers the question, which is _________.
A) why were Black workers excluded from the sample used in Brown’s study?
B) why do private employers discriminate more against women than do government employers?
C) Why do self-employed women have more difficulty than men in hiring high-quality employees?
D) Why do suppliers discriminate against self-employed women?

Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following Passage:

At first, the new business plan seemed counterintuitive —if not a quick route to bankruptcy. Koreans who ordered products from LG Home Shopping, a television shopping channel hawking everything from jewelry to cookware, could return them no questions asked and get a refund even before the items were collected from their home. All deliveries were free. And the new plan was launched in the depths of the Asian financial crisis in 1998.
Little wonder that everyone including his staff thought LG Home Shopping Chief Executive Choi Yung Jae has ascrew loose. Even as Choi offered one of the best bargains in Korea, he refused to sacrifice quality. One day, he appeared at a Seoul warehouse for a spot inspection—and canceled orders from nearly 70% of LG’s suppliers.
“Customer trust will make or break our business,” he declared. Not long after, Choi set up a fax line in his office to handle customer complaints directly. Complaints poured in. “But then,” says LG manager Shin Hyung Bum, “six months later he started getting complimentary faxes.” Executives are confident that sales will jump another 50% next year.
Choi is still getting them. In 1998, LG Home Shopping earned its first profit as sales tripled to $169 million. The channel, which airs around the clock and prices items up to one-third cheaper than department stores, has thrived ever since. Despite the global slowdown, the company predicts sales of $ 779 million this year, up 68% from 2000.
LG takes advantage of Korean demographics. Knowing that most middle-class women are homemakers, it has focused its marketing on females in their 30s and 40s. And delivery costs are minimal because nearly half of Korea’s 14.3 million families reside in apartment blocks.
The operation is also resolutely up-market, in contrast to similar U.S. channels. Because most cable-TV subscribers in Korea are well-to-do, LG sells no item for less than $ 23, which it figures is the minimum it can charge and still make a 4% margin after covering delivery. On average, LG shoppers spend $110 per order, triple what U.S. TV shoppers spend.
Rivals acknowledge Choi’s contribution to electronic shopping, which has accounted for 3% of Korea’s $90 billion retail market. “The whole industry is indebted to Chof’s pioneering campaign,” says Samsung Vice-President Suh Kang Ho, who heads the chaebol’s Internet Shopping division. “The big question is if LG can keep its growth in the face of tougher competition.”
The field is getting crowded. Already, LG’s market share has slipped to 57%, from 60% last year, as rival CJ39 Shopping has steppe up its marketing campaign after being taken over by Korea’s largest food company. In March, the government awarded three more shopping channel licenses. Two companies—Home Shopping and Nongsusan TV—are already operating. The third, to be run by retail giant Hyundai Department Store, aims to launch in November. “Rivals will quickly copy LG’s strategies,” says Chang Mihwara, market analyst “Unless it keeps moving ahead, its market share will keep shrinking.”
55. Which of the following best defines the word “counterintuitive” (line 1, paragraph 1)
A. sensible
B. irrational
C. quick
D. feasible
56. By saying that “Choi Yung Jae has a screw loose”, the author means that _________.
A. the staff in the company are afraid of Choi.
B. there are something wrong with the equipment of the company.
C. Choi is mad to some extent.
D. Choi’s bargains cannot be accepted by the staff.
57. In the view of Choi, _________.
A. product quality is crucial to the success of the company.
B. electronic shopping has a bright future.
C. the American way of e-commerce has more disadvantages.
D. the rival of the company has already acknowledged his contribution.
58. Form the text, we can infer that _________.
A. the new electronic shopping plan starts under an unfavorable economic situation.
B. the majority of the customs of LG’s service are women and children.
C. the American electronic shopping companies are the rivals of LG.
D. the price of the same product sold by LG is higher than that of the American Company.

Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following Passage:

If Procter & Gamble descended to hire Vietnam veterans to peek into a rival’s storages, it knows it is not alone. Spying is rife in consumer product industries where the timing of a $100 million (68 million pounds) marketing campaign and a product launch can be crucial to success or failure.
In January Kraft, the food giant, sued over an attempt by a rival to steal trade secrets about a new pizza recipe. The $1.75 billion market for frozen pizza bases was at issue and Kraft alleged that Schwan’s Sales enterprises hired a double agent and a freelance corporate intelligences agent to find the secret to Kraft’s “rising crust” frozen pizzA. According to Kraft, the freelance agent Marc Barry posed as a reporter, a food researcher and a Kraft manager to collect information. The strategy apparently worked. The company complained that even “a slight advantage in the market place could mean millions of dollars of sales lost.”
Even Unilever admits the importance of market intelligence. “Everyone does competitive intelligence,” the company said, but the problem is the dividing line between legitimate research and unethical or even illegal activities.
The law is unclear: breaking and entering is clearly illegal but sifting through storehouses on public property is no offence. Spy activity has also been engaged into cyberspace with the recent investigation by the European Parliament into the use of the Echelon network, a military intelligence network, for industrial espionage. France and Holland complained that the network, run by Britain’s GCHQ and America’s National Security Agency, was being routinely used to spy on corporate e-mails, causing their national firms to lose deals.
Procter & Gamble itself knows the risks and the company’s attempts to build a wall around its Cincinatti headquarters（总部）. According to Alecia Swasy, a financial journalist who was investigated by the company for writing informed stories about it, leaving an internal telephone directory on your desk is a dismissal offence at P&G.
Leaving the company does not put you out of reach of its long arm. In 1998 the soap empire sued its former haircare marketing director to prevent him from working for Alberto-Culver. The maker of Pantene and Head and Shoulders shampoo could not bear the idea of an important former employee working for a rival.
The marketing manager had signed a contract, common for senior executives in sensitive jobs, not to work for a competitor for three years. Such agreements are rarely enforced.
59. Form the first paragraph, we learn that _________.
A. P&G is not willing to hire Vietnam veterans because of political reasons.
B. $100 million marketing project is important to the success of the business.
C. spying activities are serious in consumer product industries.
D. spies can steal the newly launched product from the storage.
60. According to the passage, Kraft sued its rival for their attempt to __________.
A. use the same brand name “rising crust” as Kraft.
B. produce the similar pizza as Kraft.
C. gather information about Kraft’s new product.
D. hire a double agent who worked in Kraft.
61. Alecia was investigated by P&G because she _________.
A. left an internal telephone directory on the desk.
B. sold some secrets to a financial journal.
C. wrote an article about the company.
D. worked for a financial magazine.
62. The purpose of the author in writing the text is to _________.
A. warn the big companies aware of the spies.
B. describe the industrial spying phenomenon.
C. compare spy activities in Europe with those in America.
D. call for the legal actions against spies.

Questions 63 to 65 are based on the following Passage:

When prices are low people will buy more, and when prices are high they will buy less. Every shopkeeper knows this. But at the same time, producers want higher prices for their goods when they make more goods. How can we find the best price for the goods? The law of Supply and Demand is the economist’s answer to this question.
According to this law, changes in the prices of goods cause changes in supply and demand. An increase in the price of the goods causes an increase in supply the number of goods the producers make. Producers will make more goods when they can get higher prices for the goods. For example, the producer makes more shoes as the price of shoes goes up. At tile same time, an increase in the prices of the goods causes a decrease in demand the number of goods the consumers buy. This is because people buy less when the price is high. Conversely (另一方面), a decrease in the price causes an increase in demand (people buy more shoes) and a decrease in supply (producers make fewer shoes).
Business firms look at both supply and demand when they make decisions about prices and production. They look for the equilibrium point where supply equals demand. The equilibrium (平衡) point is the point where the supply curve (S) and the demand curve (D) intersect (交叉). At this point, the number of shoes produced is 3,000 and the price of the shoes is $30. $30 is the equilibrium price: at this price the consumers will buy all of the 3,000 shoes which the producers make. If the producers increase the price of the shoes, or if they produce more than 3,000 shoes, the consumers will not buy all of the shoes. The producers will have a surplus—more supply than demand—so they must decrease the price in order to sell all of the shoes. On the other hand, if they make fewer than 3,000 shoes, there will be shoe shortage—more demand than supply—and the price will go up.
According to the Law of Supply and Demand, the equilibrium price is the best price for the goods. The consumers and the producers will agree on this price because it is the only price that helps them both equally.
63. Why does an increase in price cause an increase in supply?
A) Because consumers buy more goods when prices are high.
B) Because producers make more goods when prices are high.
C) Because producers want to sell all of their goods.
D) Because consumers will not buy all of the goods.
64. A decrease in prices cause an increase in demand because
A) consumers buy fewer goods when prices are low
B) producers make fewer goods when prices are low
C) producers make more goods when prices are high
D) consumers buy more goods when prices are low
65. When will producers have a surplus of goods?
A) When supply equals demand.
B) When there is more supply than demand.
C) When there is more demand than supply.
D) When they sell all of their goods.

Part B

Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the whitecollar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic
management. The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.
Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again—by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc.. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.
Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities—those of love and of reason—are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.
Questions:
66. Why man becomes “a well-oiled cog in the machinery”?
67. What is the real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees?
68. According to the author, what is "real happiness of life"?
69. How does the author solve the present social problems?
70. The author’s attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of

Section Ⅴ Translation (10 Points)

Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer Sheet 2.

The mountain ape of Central Africa, largest and rarest of the apes and one of our closest relatives, is down to several hundred individuals. （71）If it ever goes extinct—and it easily could in the next 20 years—there will be reports around the world and cries of anguish about what could have been done. (72) We’re good at noting the disappearance of distinctive creatures, if we know about it, because we’ve had to do that so many times before. They become what Harvard biologist E.O. Wilson calls animal celebrities.
(73) Because handsome animals attract attention and protection, they stand a better chance of surviving than their more rare, and much more numerous animals. But fame didn’t save the dusky seaside sparrow—one of the most recent well-documented extinctions of a vertebrate in the United States—and it may not save the giant panda, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the Chinese river dolphin, or the leatherback turtle.
In the past 20 years, thanks to the twin revolutions in computing and genetics, we know more than ever before about the marvelous genetic diversity and surprising kinship of species on Earth. (74) But just as biologists are beginning to consider the importance of bio-variety to the planet’s history and health, the species themselves are disappearing. In the United States alone, we’ve recently documented the loss of the Santa Barbara song sparrow, the blue pike of the Great Lakes, and Sampson’s pearly mussel, a freshwater bivalve mollusk native to the Wabash River in Illinois and IndianA. Other plants and animals have probably slipped away, unnoticed.
Elsewhere, the tally amounts too. We’ve lost the strange gastric brooding frog of Australia, which incubated its young in its stomach and gave birth through its mouth. During the brooding period, the mother’s stomach stopped producing acids. (75) If scientists had learned how that acid production shut off, it might have helped them develop a new treatment for humans.

Section Ⅵ Writing (15 Points)

Directions: In this section, you are asked to write a composition entitled How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities? Your composition should be about 120 words. You should write this composition on ANSWEE SHEET 2.

Outline:
1. Big cities are now confronted with housing problem
2. Causes for this problem
3. The solutions to this problem

培训教学参考信息

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